INTRODUCTION

Every country across the world wants to grow exponentially in terms of political, social and economic dimensions. To do so a government is needed. In human history, we have gone through various forms of government such as monarchy, oligarchy, autocracy and so on. The most significant and secure, however, form of government is democracy; where the power is in the hands of the people. And the government is elected by the people and formed by the people. In this, the group of people of the same ideology form a group to fight the elections to come to power is called a political party. Various types of political parties are also there but in India, a multi-party system prevails. When any political wins the election, they form the government and the government works according to the wishes and requirements of the people. But for that, a healthy democracy is the first thing that is necessary to have. Democracy keeps the power in the hands of the people and not in the hands of a few people only, which is seen in other forms of government. You must have studied in your school books that Abraham Lincoln mentioned democracy as Democracy is a government "of the people, by the people and for the people."

And to have a good democracy occurrence of free and fair election is needed. India gained independence on 15 August 1947 and since then elections have been conducted for the Union government and State government. The Election Commission of India is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for administering Union and State election processes in India. The body administers elections to the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, and State Legislative Assemblies in India, and the offices of the President and Vice President in the country. As per Article 324, the superintendence, direction and control of elections are to be vested in an Election Commission. 

India is one of those very few countries where elections are conducted at three levels, namely, 

• At the Union level- to have a central government.
• At the State level- to have state governments in different states.
• At the Local level- to have local governments.

The election which is conducted to have a central government headed by the prime minister at the Central level to run the country is called Lok Sabha polls. Similarly, when the elections are conducted to have a state government headed by a chief minister in different states at the state level to run the state administration is called State Assembly elections or Vidhan Sabha polls. In India, currently, the election is going on for the 18th Lok Sabha. As per the latest publications dated 23 March 2024 from the Election Commission of India, and subsequent notifications, there are 6 national parties, 57 state parties, and 2,764 unrecognised parties. All registered parties contesting elections need to choose a symbol from a list of available symbols offered by the EC. There are varied political parties that have stood their candidates from different Lok Sabha constituencies. Amongst all the parties there are two major national political parties: Bhartiya Janta Party (BJP) and another is Indian National Congress(INC). To be a responsible citizen of this country, every voter needs to know about the points or the issues that a political party guarantees or promises to deal with after winning the election. There is one document which is released by every political party before the beginning of the election to tell its approach to resolve the issues and fulfil the demands of the country known as Manifesto. 

HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF CONGRESS AND BJP

Let's take a look at the historical evolution of BJP and Congress: 

INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS(INC): 

After the great revolt of 1857, the Britishers were in awe to face disgruntlement and wrath of the people due to dissatisfaction with the policies and actions of the British government. Taking this point into consideration there was a retired ICS officer called A.O. Hume who founded Indian National Congress(INC). W. C. Banerjee became the first president of it. At that point of time, various theories were given concerning the establishment of such an institution in the year 1885 in Bombay but the most prominent theory which is acceptable is the Safety Valve Theory. It means before the occurrence of any major event britishers could know the reasons for that and if possible according to their convenience they would solve it otherwise suppress it. However, gradually situations changed and Congress became the biggest political platform to put the demands of the people and struggle for independence. INC gave various leaders to the nation like Dadabhai Naroji, Pt. Nehru, Sardar Patel, Subhash Chandra Bose, C. Rajgopalachari, Pt. Madan Mohan Malviya, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, Sarojini Naidu, Annie Besant and so on. After independence congress remained in the hands of one family and that is the Gandhi Family. Indira Gandhi, Rajiv Gandhi, Sonia Gandhi, and Rahul Gandhi were the president of it. However, there were so many other personalities who became the president of it like after the death of Pt. Nehru, K. Kamath was the president and currently Malikkarjun Khadge is the president of INC. There has been one trend in INC since the very beginning which is to elect the president they conduct election. For instance, for the post of president of Congress elections took place between Malikkarjun Khadge and Shashi Tharoor. And in that election, Khadge stood victorious. Congress has formed a coalition with various parties and that coalition was earlier called as United Progressive Alliance (UPA) but now Congress has changed the name to get the emotional attachment of the people that is The Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (INDIA). It is a coalition of 37 political parties in India to fight Lok Sabha polls against the current ruling BJP government. 

BHARTIYA JANTA PARTY(BJP):

The history of the BJP can be traced to the establishment of Hindu Mahasabha in 1915 which was done by Madan Mohan Malviya. In this sequence, Dr Shyama Prasad Mukharji became the president of it but later on in the mid-1950s he established Jan Sangh and it was in existence around 1974. When elections took place in 1977; at that point of time Jayprakash Narayan built another party by collaborating with 4 to 5 parties and that party was called Janta Dal. Janta Dal remained in power till 1980. On 6th April 1980, Bhartiya Janta Party came into being by laying down foundation stone by Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Lal Krishna Advani. The first time BJP came into power was in 1996 but it couldn't go too long due to lack of majority. Again in the year 1999, BJP fought elections and won and again Atal Bihari Vajpayee became the Prime Minister of India with proper majority and remained as the prime minister till 2004. BJP lost two consecutive Lok Sabha polls but in 2014 BJP came into power with a full majority and alone it won 282 seats. Over the top in the 2019 election BJP broke records and won 303 seats alone. In both the terms Narendra Modi became the Prime Minister. Modi is known for his managerial skills and terrific oratorship. This time Modi government is going to put its efforts into securing 3rd consecutive victory. 

BJP V/S CONGRESS 

In the 18th Lok Sabha polls there are so many political parties who are contesting actions in the different corners of the country but the main contest which is seen in Indian politics is INDIA(UPA) versus NDA. India is nothing but the alliance of the Congress party with other small parties and NDA is the alliance of BJP with other small parties. Here, we will be trying to understand the approaches of both political parties in this very general election. This can be understood by understanding the crux of the manifesto of both political parties so let's have a look at it here. 

BJP'S APPROACH OF DEVELOPMENT 

BJP came into power in 2014. There were so many promises which were to be fulfilled by Prime Minister Narendra Modi which he used in his political rallies such as to stop corruption, to reduce inflation, and to bring economic prosperity to the country. To do so BJP brought schemes, policies, and laws like GST, demonetization, promoting a cashless economy and so on. The main theme of the BJP is to bring continuity to its policies. 

Now, the current objective of BJthe P is to reach third position in the world's strongest economy. Strengthen foreign relations with various countries plus social and economic reforms in the country like UCC, to bring more FDI and make India hua b of various technologies and can try to understand the manifesto of BJP through the following points: 

1. Free Ration: 

Under PM Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana, the BJP has started providing ration to 800+ million citizens since 2020. It has been mentioned in the manifesto to provide free ration for another five years from January 1, 2024, at an estimated cost of Rs. 11.80 lakh crore over 5 years

2. Health care services: 

We have provided quality free health treatment of up to ₹5 lakh to poor families under Ayushman Bharat. We will continue to provide free health treatment by strengthening Ayushman Bharat and other such initiatives. We have provided high-quality healthcare services to middle-class families by expanding the AIIMS and Ayushman Arogya Mandir network. We have provided subsidised medicines through Jan Aushadhi Kendras and also established 315 new medical colleges across the country. 

3. Free electricity and MSP: 

BJP will provide free electricity to poor households under PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana. BJP has ensured an unprecedented increase in MSP (Minimum Support Price) for major crops, and it will continue to increase MSP from time to time.

4. Implementation of CAA: 

The Citizenship Amendment Bill was introduced in Parliament on July 15, 2016, as an amendment to the Citizenship Act, 19of 55. On December 11, 2019, the Rajya Sabha passed the Bill with 125 votes in favour and 99 against.

BJP has said it has taken the historic step of enacting the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) and will implement it to confer citizenship to all eligible persons. 

5. Enhance the capability of the Armed Forces:

BJP has said to further equip the Armed Forces and the Central Armed Police Forces with modern state-of-the-art weapons, equipment and technology so that Armed forces feel confident enough to face hardest situations to safeguard the nation. BJP is looking forward to increasing the capabilities of the Armed Forces and the Central Armed Police Forces.

Article 44 of the Constitution lists Unththerformiof the l Code as one of the Directive Principles of State Policy. BJP believes that there cannot be gender equality till such time India adopts a Uniform Civil Code, that protects the rights of all women, and the BJP reiterates its stand to draw a Uniform Civil Code, drawing upon the best traditions and harmonising them with these.

7. One Nation, One Election:

To make One Nation, One Election a reality BJP has set up a High Powered Committee to examine the issues of conducting simultaneous elections and will work towards the implementation of the recommendations of the Committee. Now the same high-level committee was set up under the chairmanship of Ex-President of India Shri Ramnath Kovind has given its report about ONOE. Let's see what will be the approach of the BJP-led government if they win the elections and if it comes into power. 

8. Thirdly largest Economy: 

Often it has been seen that BJP says to get the GDP of the country reached at the 3rd position in the world after surpassing Japan and Germany. BJP has mentioned in its manifesto to make India the Third-Largest Economy within a decade, BJP further mentioned that it has brought India from 11th to 5th largest economic power. This was possible due to the right t policies, focused execution and meticulous planning. We guarantee that India will be the 3rd largest economic power.

9. Vishwa Bandhu or Kin of the world: 

The term Vishwa Bandhu is nothing but the leading approach of the government of India from the front. Our human-centric worldview has helped us to be a consensus builder, first responders a voice of the Global South.

 BJP has pointed out in its manifesto as the Indian diaspora around the world feels empowered and connected. Our civilizational values, thoughts, wisdom and traditional knowledge have found a place of pride on the ton world stage. We will strengthen our position and conduct our policies to further our national interests with the spirit of Vishwa Bandhu. There are the following points where the BJP 

mentioned the meaning of Vishwa Bandhu: 

• Leading the Global South
• First Responder India 
• Becoming a Permanent Member of the UN Security Council
• Creating a Global Consensus on FightheAgainst Terrorism
• Following the Neighbourhood First Policy
• Strengthening Maritime Vision (SAGAR)
• Establishment of IMEC to promote India’s trade interests
• Developing Strategic Partnerships for Mineral Security
• Expanding India’s Diplomatic Network
• Indian Diaspora for Growth and Development

10. Surakshit Bharat or Secure India: 

BJP has remarked that it has protected the security of Indian borders in the last ten years, they have taken a firm stand on protecting our country and citizens from the threats of terrorism and naxalism. It has followed a zero-zero tolerance of terrorism. Further, it mentions that they remain committed to keeping our country and citizens safe. BJP says that they have emphasized the following subjects to ensure the safety of the nation. What are those, let's concentrate our eyes on those points: 

• Continuing a Zero-Tolerance Policy Towards Terrorism
• Theatrization of Military Commands
• Ensuring Robust Infrastructure Along Borders
• Reinforcing Our Fight Against Drugs
• Implementing Bhartiya Nyay Sahita Expeditiously
• Eliminating Left Wing Extremism (LWE)
• Implementation of CAA
• Enhancing the Capabilities of the Armed Forces and the Central Armed Police Forces
• National Forensics Mission
• Protecting Bharat's Security Interests in the Indian Ocean Region
• Safeguarding Bharat's Digital Sovereignty
• Implementing Robust Cyber Security Policies

CONGRESS'S APPROACH OF DEVELOPMENT 

Congress was in power from 2004 to 2014, however, thereafter BJP came into power under the leadership of Narendra Modi in 2014 for 5 years and in the next elections in 2019 again BJP stood victorious. In the 2014 Lok Sabha polls election Congress could win only 44 seats and in 2019 only 52 seats Congress could win. At this time congress has put its all efforts into reviving the national politics. Rahul Gandhi did two famous rallies, The first one was the Bharat Jodo Yatra which began on September 7, 2022, to January 30, 2023, from Kanyakumari to Srinagar spanning south to north. The second one is Bharat Jodo Nyay Yatra ( lit. 'Uniting India for Justice March'), commonly referred to as the Nyay Yatra ( lit. 'Justice March') started on 14 January 2024 from Thoubal in Manipur and ended on 16 March 2024 in Mumbai spanning east-west of India. Under the leadership of Rahul Gandhi and Mallikarjun Kharge time congress had put its all efforts into winning this election. The Congress party released its manifesto 2024 Lok Sabha elections on April 5. These are the points that have been raised by Congress to establish its presence in the middle of the public: 

1. Caste Census: 

Currently, the opposition parties are continuously demanding for caste census. So that the government can have a real picture of the Indian society and necessary steps can be taken to uplift the underprivileged people. Reservation and appropriate schemes can be given to people in that manner. Congress gave space to it and dealt with this topic in the following words:

"Congress will conduct a nationwide Socio-Economic and Caste Census to enumerate the castes and sub-castes and their socio-economic conditions. Based on the data, we will strengthen the agenda for affirmative action."

2. Reservation quota:

The top-notch leaders of the Congress party are aggressive saying that if they come into power then they will throw away the reservation system of 50%. And new set of percentages will be defined to give reservations. 

The Congress guarantees that it will pass a constitutional amendment to raise the 50 per cent cap on reservations for SC, ST and OBC. The reservation of 10 per cent in jobs and educational institutions for Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) will be implemented for all castes and communities without discrimination.

3. Health care services: 

In a country like India where people cannot bear the high expenses of medical services. Congress party has determined to give 25 lakh of Health Insurance to the poor people. Congress promises the people in this manner: 

"We promise that healthcare will be universal and free in public health centres such as hospitals, clinics, primary health centres, mobile healthcare units, dispensaries and health camps. Free healthcare will include examination, diagnostics, treatment, surgery, medicines, rehabilitation and palliative care. 

The Rajasthan Model of cashless insurance of up to25 lakhs will be adopted for universal healthcare. Primary Health Centres (PHC) will be upgraded according to Indian Public Health Standards norms, and diagnostics will be added in each PHC."

4. Right to Apprenticeship: 

Upskilling the people in India is a big issue because it has often been seen that companies are not recruiting the people. After all, the candidates do not have an appropriate set of skills. Congress has come up with the idea of the right to apprenticeship. 

"Congress guarantees a new Right to Apprenticeship Act to provide a one-year apprenticeship with a private or a public sector company to every diploma holder or college graduate below the age of 25.

Apprentices will get 1 lakh a year. The apprenticeship will impart skills, enhance employability and provide full-time job opportunities for millions of youth. Congress will provide sports scholarships of 10,000 per month for talented and budding sportspersons below the age of 21."

5. Paper Leak: 

Despite being such a huge government system the incidents of paper leak are often seen in almost every state. This is a big issue because the unemployed person works so hard and goes to the examination centre to take the exam with the hope that if they do well in that exam she will be selected and get a job. After giving, however, the exam the person gets to know that the paper was leaked and therefore the recruitment has been cancelled by the government. These kinds of incidents break the morale of the individual. This issue has also been considered by Congress and mentioned its manifesto in these words:

"We will provide fast-track courts to adjudicate cases of leaking question papers for job examinations and provide monetary compensation to the victims."

6. Government jobs: 

In the elections of the 18th Lok Sabha polls unemployment is a major issue and keeping that point into consideration Congress said that if they come into power then they will look into this matter and give almost 30 lakh government jobs to the people. This has also been mentioned by Congress in its manifesto.

"We will fill the nearly 30 lakh vacancies in sanctioned posts at various levels in the central government. We will stipulate that vacancies in the panchayats and municipal bodies shall be filled according to a timetable agreed with state governments."

7. Mahalakshmi Scheme: 

In his political rallies Rahul Gandhi mentioned that he would try to eradicate poverty in India in just one go by giving 1 lakh rupees under the Mahalakshmi scheme to every poor woman in the country. The poor will be identified among the families at the bottom of the income pyramid.

The amount will be directly transferred to the bank account of the oldest woman of the household. Absent a woman, it will be transferred to the account of the oldest member of the family. The scheme will be rolled out in stages and reviewed every year to assess the number of beneficiary families and its impact on alleviating poverty.

8. Legalization of MSP: 

For the last few decades, farmers have continuously demanded to have a proper legal law on MSP. In the last few years, we have seen the protests of farmers across the nation concerning this issue and some other issues as well. In this election Congress has grabbed this point and said to legalize MSP if they come into power through the following words:

"Congress will give a legal guarantee to the Minimum Support Prices (MSP) announced by the government every year, as recommended by the Swaminathan Commission. The Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP) will be made a statutory body. MSP payable to the farmer-seller at the procurement centres and APMCs will be directly credited digitally to the bank account of the farmer."

9. Wage Increment: 

In this time of inflation, congress raised the issue of increasing wages and said they if they came into power they would increase the wages. Congress's manifesto mentions, "We will increase the wage under MGNREGA to 400. The Congress guarantees a national minimum wage of 400 per day. MGNREGA funds and workers may also be deployed to build public assets such as classrooms, libraries and primary health centres."

10. Judicial reforms: 

Congress also expresses to bring judicial reforms with regard to the appointment of judges and working of it in the form of the creation of two wings. One will be the Appeal wing and another will be as constitutional wing. Congress mentions it as:

"The independence and quality of the judiciary is reflected in the independence and quality of the judges. Congress will unswervingly uphold the independence of the judiciary. In consultation with the Supreme Court and the Chief Justices of the High Courts, Congress will establish a National Judicial Commission (NJC). The composition of the NJC will be decided in consultation with the Supreme Court. The NJC will be responsible for the selection and appointment of judges of the High Courts and the Supreme Court. All vacancies in the High Courts and Supreme Court will be filled within three years."

11. Agnipath Scheme: 

When this scheme came into view a great wrath was seen from the side of the youngsters as under this scheme soldiers will be recruited after 4 years of training, only 25% of soldiers will be recruited and the rest of them will be dismissed. The soldiers who are recruited under it are called Agniveer. Congress revealed its view in its manifesto as well in these words:

"Abolish the Agnipath programme and direct the Armed Forces (Army, Navy, Air Force and Coast Guard) to resume normal recruitment to achieve the full sanctioned strength."

12. Environmental Issues: 

Climate change is the biggest issue of the world and India is also the victim of it. Major steps have been taken by the government of India to tackle the situation. Apart from that congress has also mentioned its approach in the following words: 

"We will reverse the decline in defence expenditure as a proportion of total expenditure and will ensure that sufficient funds are allocated and spent to meet the requirements of the Armed Forces. India experienced the biggest loss of forest cover after Brazil between 2015 and 2020. We will work with state governments to increase the forest cover, redefine ‘forest’ and ‘forest cover’ in accordance with modern scientific standards, and involve local communities in afforestation.

To facilitate the funding required for Green Transition and to achieve the goal of net zero by 2070, we will set up the Green Transition Fund of India together with state governments and the private sector."

WHAT DOES INDIA WANT?

In the last decade, the BJP-led NDA government did so many works regarding the political, social and economic benefits of the country. If I give my personal opinion regarding the work of the NDA government then I think in terms of the infrastructural development government's excellent performance such as the Central Vista Project, National Highways, Road-Bridges, Road- Tunnels. BJP tried to revive the ancient pictures and figures of Indian history. Abrogation of article 370 and article 35A in terms of J&K was a good decision. CAA was a good decision to protect the rights of minorities from the Indian subcontinent. Digitisation of India's administrative system was a good decision. GST and UPI were a remarkable step in reducing corruption in society. There were some good schemes like Khelo India, Digital India, Start-up India, Make in India, PM Jan Dhan Yojna, PM Kisan Samman Nidhi, PM Atal Awas Yojna, PM Jan Aushadhi Kendra, PM Matsya Sampada Yojna and so on. Clean India Mission is a country-wide campaign initiated by the Government of India on 2 Oct 2014 to make the country Open Defecation Free (ODF). 

New Education Policy, 2020 or NEP, 2020 is an educational reform which the BJP tried to bring but it is gradually being implemented. Promotion to Indian Space programmes. Exports of Indian weapons have increased. In foreign relations, India developed really good relations with every part of the world. PM Modi celebrates Diwali with the soldiers of the nation, it is a good step taken by soldiers. Having done this much work there are so many issues and demands raised by the people and those points are going to be a matter of the elections. Let's put our attention on those points to understand the wants of the people:

• The unemployment rate in India is high and people are continuously demanding job opportunities. As per the International Labour Organisation(ILO), 83% of jobless Indians are youth.
• In India, the inflation rate is high. Articles are far more expensive than the previous government. The current rate of gas cylinders is 840 rupees which was before August 2023 was 1040. It has been reduced due to elections. 
• The debt in India has increased exponentially. The NDA government has taken huge debt. As per the government website, "The Central Government debt/liabilities, including external debt at the current exchange rate, EBRs and after adjusting cash balance, is estimated at 172.37 lakh crore and 187.35 lakh crore as on 31st March 2024 & 31st March 2025, respectively." If the government has huge debt then to give that back government will increase the prices of the items
• PM Narendra Modi in his era of 10 years never held an open press conference, which shows that he is not reluctant to face the media. Whereas during the time of the UPA government, Dr Manmohan Singh holds 117 press conferences. 
• Youngsters are highly demanding to remove the Agnipath Scheme. In which people are being entered for just 4 years. 
• Diminished the powers of the Delhi government and reduced the powers of acts like the RTI(Amendment) Act,2019 which gives voice to the people to ask questions. 
• BJP is famous nowadays for its washing machine which allegedly goes in and comes out as spotless BJP and other poltical parties need to relinquish this way of politics. 
• Allegations are imposed on the BJP that it misuses investigative agencies. It is said that misuse of investigation is being done by the BJP against the opposition party members and the people who were not willing to give donations to the BJP. Investigative agencies need to stay free in their work. 
• It is often said that China has acquired the land of the country and the BJP is doing nothing to stop that and the government is saying nothing about that. People are expecting to show the stiff face of the government against China.
• People are hopefully looking to bring major changes in media. Media is said to be the 4th pillar of democracy but now it has been destroyed impactfully and people think there is a huge chance of it as well. 
• People want to see a strong opposition party in the Parliament because only the strong opposition can keep a check on the ruling party.
• People want economic upliftment and this can happen only when start-ups can be generated because if the government of India provide all the government jobs at one point in time that government will not be able to provide jobs to everyone. Thus, the government need to create such opportunities where start-ups can grow easily.
• Anyhow we need to shift from non-renewable energy sources to renewable energy sources and to attain the globally assigned targets of zero emission. 
• India needs to demolish various regular problems such as drought in Maharashtra, flood in Bihar, terrorism activities in J&K, and naxalism in regions like Chattisgarh, Odisha, Jharkhand etc. 
• India needs to make policies regarding population control and pay more concern towards food security. 
• India needs to move towards organic farming from chemical farming. Govt. India thinks to increase the income of the farmers rapidly. 
• Indian people need to understand that we need to be modern and not Western. 
• India needs to emphasize promoting a high standard of education to eradicate poverty, hunger, and social evils like caste. Rights of the minorities need to be protected. 
• Freedom of speech is necessary, political parties need to understand that if any citizen is saying something against the political party then it doesn't mean that the person is Anti-National.

Thus these are the issues and possible ways which are travelling in the minds of the people to be done by the government. People are hoping that whichever party comes into power will try to remove these issues. 

CONCLUSION 

My only request to you all the people is that never associate completely yourself with any political party. You are first the citizen of this country and then anything else. So praise all those things which are in the favour of the country and criticize all those things which are not in the favour of the country respective of the point that which political party is doing that. Furthermore, In the case of our country, I want to mention one thing here the political parties need to work collaboratively because as the world is growing, challenges are becoming more for worse. There are certain sectors which we need to keep in mind pertaining to the growth of the nation are as follows:

1. Economic Prosperity: 

Take steps to bring economic prosperity to the nation so that every person in the society can be uplifted from the clinch of poverty. To do that job opportunities in the country need to be generated at a great level; for that entrepreneurship is needed.

2. Food Security and Water resources:

As the population of the country is increasing and natural resources are limited we need to increase the productivity of the nation in terms of food. Collective farming needs to be adopted to reduce the waste of land. 

3. Education:

It is a terrific element to make society think scientifically and eradicate all the orthodox and irrelevant things. For instance: Intercaste marriages have increased a lot as compared to the era of 50 years and 80s. Second, as people are getting an education child marriages, providing less education to girls, female infanticide, the pardhah system, caste system are diminishing and it is just the cause of education. 

4. Defence: 

In terms of security, India needs to be ready for war in any situation. Pakistan and China both the nations are both hostile. The former is always indulged in conducting and upholding terrorist activities. For example: Pulwama Attack, 2019.

China is the biggest threat to Indian security. As the economic condition of China has been increasing its interference in the Indian borders. For example: Galwan Valley, 2020. 

India needs to increase the capacity of its Armed forces. We need to fulfil the requirements of all the three forces. 

5. Science & Technology: 

Development of basic sciences is needed. Technological developments are needed to bring efficiency, and effectiveness in every sector whether it is agriculture, space technology, biotechnology, defence or any other technological advancement. 

REFERENCE

• eci.gov.in
• indiabudget.gov.in 
• https://manifesto.inc.in/
• https://www.bjp.org/bjp-manifesto-2024

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