“ I FEAR THAT AI MAY REPLACE HUMANS ALTOGETHER. IF PEOPLE DESIGN COMPUTER VIRUSES, SOMEONE WILL DESIGN AI THAT IMPROVES AND REPLICATES ITSELF. THIS WILL BE A NEW FORM OF LIFE THAT OUTPERFORMS HUMANS."
 - STEPHEN HAWKING

What is Artificial Intelligence: It is the ability of a computer or a robot controlled by a computer to do tasks that are usually done by humans because they require human intelligence and discernment. In 1951 the 1st successful AI program was written by Christopher Strachey who was later the Director of the Programming Research Group at the University of Oxford. However,  if we go to the origin of AI, John McCarthy was considered to be the father of Artificial Intelligence. He coined the term Artificial Intelligence.

HISTORY OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

YEAR 1943 - 1955

• In the year 1943 the 1st work as AI was done by Warren McCullouh and Walter Pits who with combined research proposed a model of ARTIFICIAL NEURONS.
• Donald Hebb demonstrated an updating rule for modifying connection strength between neurons called Hebbian Learning.
• 1950 Alan Turing an English mathematician, pioneered Machine Learning, a test that can check a machine’s ability to exhibit intelligent behavior.

THE BIRTH OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (1952- 1956)

• Year 1955, Allen Newell & Herbert A Simon created the 1st Artificial intelligence program, “ LOGIC THEORIST “
• Year 1956, Artificial Intelligence was first adopted by American Computer scientist John Mc Cathy.

INTELLIGENT AGENTS (1993- 2011)

• Year 1997 IBM Deep Blue Beats world champion in chess Gary Kasparov, the 1st computer to beat a world chess champion.
• Year 2002 this is for the 1st time ever AI entered our home in the form of Roomba which is a vacuum cleaner.
• In 2006 introduction of AI in the business world where companies like Facebook, Twitter, and Netflix started using AI.

BIG DATA & ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (2011 TO PRESENT)

• In 2012 Google launched Google Now which is an Android app feature that is able to provide information to users as a prediction.
• Year 2014 The Chabot Eugene Goostman won a competition in the famous Turing Test.
• Year 2018 The Project Debater from IBM debated on complex topics with two master debaters and performed brilliantly.

TYPES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

We have bifurcated into  7 categories of Artificial Intelligence :

1. Artificial narrow Intelligence :
2. Artificial General Intelligence
3. Artificial Super Intelligence
4. Reactive machines :
5. Limited Memory
6. Theory Of Mind
7. Self Aware.

ARTIFICIAL NARROW INTELLIGENCE:

These are AI tools designed to carry out very specific actions and commands, they are basically built to serve and excel in one cognitive capability. It cannot learn skills beyond its design. For example, Natural language processing AI can recognize and respond to voice commands but any action beyond that is not possible.

ARTIFICIAL GENERAL INTELLIGENCE:

Artificial Intelligence can perform a wide range of actions that humans can also do. This mirrors human intelligence by providing scope for autonomous learning. AGI can technically perform any intellectual task which is done by a human.

ARTIFICIAL SUPER INTELLIGENCE:

The future of ASI systems is performance of machines to process huge quantities of data, super fast processing capacity, and super fast rate of intelligent decision-making. This facilitates difficult jobs in less time.

REACTIVE MACHINES:

In the early stages, a form of AI actually helped to start the Revolution of Artificial Intelligence. These are the kind of devices that do not need a memory base to operate, they are equipped to mimic the human mind's ability to operate. Memory-based functions are never executed by those computers. This sort of AI actually replies quickly on a set of standard inputs.

LIMITED MEMORY

In the journey of AI, the capacity to store knowledge. In the year 2012 major progress happened in the field of AI, past data are stored,  and using that data predictions are made. This kind of AI is called LIMITED MEMORY, the reason to use such a name is because it can build and apply its own knowledge base and use that knowledge to improve over time.

THEORY OF MIND

In terms of AI progress in LIMITED MEMORY technology is the furthest however it has a limitation. They can learn from past experiences and store knowledge however they cannot respond accordingly to a subtle environmental change and react as a human mind will do. As a matter of fact Machines may work better than us 90 percent of the time however that last 10 percent, what we describe as common sense is really hard to get in.

SELF AWARE

The stage beyond the  point when artificial intelligence develops self-awareness is called the AI point of singularity. There is a possibility that once the development of AI keeps happening, machines might go beyond our control. Engineers and Researchers have been working on it, however,  its  existence is hypothetical.

IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN VARIOUS INDUSTRIES :

HEALTH CARE: AI has made a remarkable impact in the health care domain improving diagnostics, personalized medicine, and drug discovery, the machine learning algorithm can facilitate early disease detection and accurate diagnostics. AI has introduced wearable devices and IOT-enabled health monitoring systems. These are the technologies that are designed to collect important patient data like heart rate, blood pressure, glucose level,  etc. The monitoring can be done automatically. AI is used to improve mental health using accessible support systems. Chatbots, Virtual therapists help members to handle stressful situations.

E-COMMERCE: The applications of AI are very visible and apparent. To survive in the stiff competition retail organizations always look out for techniques to decode the consumer behavior pattern and in turn gain competitive advantage. The product recommendations on websites like Amazon are nothing but complex AI algorithms which determine the product you are likely to buy. Apart from this E-commerce websites have chat bots powered by AI which are designed to respond to customer queries which are common queries and easy to respond to.

BANKING

AI is enhancing banking security, and the operational processing is done by intelligent software robots like jobs of loan processing. Apart from that, robo-financial advisors can process multiple levels of data in seconds which recommend correct investment decisions to customers. AI-based chatbots are used in Insurance companies to provide fast and hassle-f e  customer service  In the Finance sector, AI helps in fraud detection, for example, Mastercard uses AI-based technology to detect fraud transactions.

FOOD TECH

In the food industry, AI ( artificial intelligence) has numerous applications. ARYA, a food tech company in collaboration with LeewayHertz has created a robotic tea maker which is based on AI ( artificial intelligence) and IOT capabilities. The Industrial food processing sector is also taken up by AI. A company Tomra Systems ASA has developed Artificial Intelligence based food sorting equipment targeting the French Fries peeled potatoes, and ground meat market. Even in Farming a surge in the use of intelligent tractors and intelligent
plucking machines are being used.

REAL ESTATE

In the field of Real estate AI ( artificial intelligence) can be used to analyze market conditions, and property prices to determine the value of property investment trends and scope. With the use of Artificial Intelligence real estate documents, lease agreements, and mortgages can be processed manually. Smart home technology like thermostats, and security systems are applicable all thanks to AI. Also,  AI chatbots are open 24*7 to resolve queries of website visitors.

MANUFACTURING

In several lines and layers of operation from workforce planning to product design, product quality in all the spheres AI ( artificial intelligence) is applicable. In quality control work AI algorithms are applied to notify manufacturing units of production faults that might cause a product quality issue eventually impacting business.

EDUCATION

In the field of education,   AI personalizes educational content according to the needs of individual students. AI-powered systems do provide personalized guidance, and feedback, and enhance the learning experience. AI algorithms can automate the grading process for assignments done by students, enhancing the smoothness of the process and saving time for manual work,  and fast feedback to students. AI can also analyze student performance data to make an analysis and trend in student  improvement areas. AI virtual assistants can answer student queries.

The  Indian business market is also influenced by the wind of change that AI is going to bring and the corporate world is filled up with many AI-based companies. As per a report by Accenture, simulated intelligence can make up to 15% of India's total worth, or USD 957. The top 5 Artificial Intelligence based companies are

• COFORGE: This company provides intelligence-based computerized business aides, multi-cash, multi-channel, picture acknowledgment, mechanical cycle robotization, and work process mechanization.
• HAPPIEST MIND TECHNOLOGIES: This company personalities on the problematic advancement like cloud, blockchain, mechanical technology/ drones, computer-generated reality,  etc.
• SAKSOFT: This company is one of the main suppliers of data the executive's answer, used by all the effective organizations all over the planet. The domain of business of this company centers around helping changes through proficiency, efficiency, and administration development by expanding intelligence and computerization.
• TATA ELXSI: In today’s date this company is one of the major suppliers of plan and innovation administration in different enterprises. It also incorporates cars, broadcasting, medical services, and transportation.
• PERSISTENT SYSTEMS: Persistent system offers a safe and versatile portable systems administration. At the same time, it uses cutting-edge wave hand innovation.

Looking at the Indian AI product market let’s take a deep dive into the products developed with Artificial Intelligence and how they are performing is narrated below :

TOP 5 AI MARKETING TOOLS :

1. Aircall
2. NoCRM
3. SURFER
4. Waalaxy
5. GROWTHBAR

Air call is a cloud-based telephony software that seamlessly integrates with the daily tool. NoCRM is a powerful CRM tool that is designed to optimize and simplify the sales process. Surfer uses cutting-edge keyword research and content optimization. Waalaxy is a lead-generation AI, that effortlessly generates qualified leads and increases response rates.

The Indian start-up business community has already started to use Artificial Intelligence as a very critical technology. The rise of AI among Indian Startups has been pretty notable. In India, AI start-ups appeared in 2016. A recent report stated that Bengaluru the Startup hub of India has received funding for 87.5 million USD only for the AI sector. To throw some light on the AI startup few names are highlighted below

1. DRUVA - This company provides data backup and protection solutions. The main product this company offers is business mobile workers backup, data loss prevention, data duplication, and analysis. The clients of this company are NASA, DHL, McAfee, and KPMG .
2. ARYA.AI - This is a Mumbai-based AI company, whose main business domain is to provide fast solutions to complex problems. This company deals in banking, Insurance, Health care, retail, oil,  and gas companies. The flagship product of this company VEGA helps users to create systems and automate challenging solutions.
3. MYELIN FOUNDRY – This Company is a deep tech start-up. This organization creates high-performance artificial intelligence with the help and support of edge platforms and computer vision. The business domain of this start-up is over-creating algorithms that can switch, and configure while working with minimum resources.
4. RIPPLR - This company is an AI-powered full stack distribution company. This company is based in Bengaluru and they create end-to-end capabilities for both online and offline versions.
5. RAZORPAY - This company provides options for processing business payments, this company works in offering payment gateways and link-based payment solutions to automate banking operations, corporate credit cards, and working capital loans. They also offer business banking services.
6. SIGTUPLE - this AI-based firm was launched in 2015 after it raised funding of around 25 million from its angel investors. This firm is in the domain of developing AI technology for diagnostic solutions for the medical industry. The AI platform of this company was designed and developed to filter and diagnose Urine, blood, and sperm samples. SIGTUPLE AI algorithm does the initial diagnosis and once done the samples are returned to the lab for detailed examination so in a way the process is made fast, simple, and easy.

The World Economic Forum made research on future predictions and in 2020 October concluded that AI will take away 85 million jobs globally by 2025. However, at the same time, it will also generate 97 million new jobs in the field of Big data and machine learning. According to PWC research around mid-2030 third of all employment will be at risk as the majority of easy jobs will be automated. People with less educational qualifications are most likely to be out of jobs. Food delivery executives who work their jobs are easily automated by food delivery drones. The result is cost-effective and job-cutting in that segment. Every company has data entry jobs that are manually processed by data entry operators. The process is easy and repetitive. Those jobs are automated up to a certain extent.

RAY KURZWEIL, a famous American Inventor and Futurist quoted, “ ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE  WILL REACH HUMAN LEVELS BY AROUND 2029. FOLLOW THAT OUT FURTHER TO 2045 AND WE WILL HAVE MULTIPLIED THE INTELLIGENCE, THE HUMAN BIOLOGICAL MACHINE INTELLIGENCE OF OUR CIVILIZATION A BILLION FOLD. “

ELON MUSK quotes, “ IF AI HAS A GOAL AND HUMANITY JUST HAPPENS TO BE IN THE WAY IT WILL DESTROY HUMANITY AS A MATTER OF COURSE WITHOUT EVEN THINKING ABOUT IT. IT IS JUST LIKE IF WE ARE BUILDING A ROAD AND AN ANTHILL JUST HAPPENS TO BE IN THE WAY, WE DON'T HAVE ANTS WE'RE JUST BUILDING THE ROAD. “

“ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE WILL HAVE a MORE PROFOUND IMPACT ON HUMANITY THAN FIRE, ELECTRICITY, AND THE INTERNET“ Quoted by SUNDAR PICHAI, CEO OF GOOGLE.

AI has adverse effects associated along with the numerous boons it carries with itself. There are a lot of priority lists that need to be done as regulations need to be strict and how the government uses them. AI can directly penetrate our privacy, whenever we search for shoes online, we tend to get notifications  of similar products we search for. AI algorithms do track our data consumption and usage history and they do have access to what we do online. AI can also help hackers to be smarter. The UNITED NATIONS OFFICE FOR COUNTER TERRORISM, released a report that AI can be used by terrorists. Activities like

• CAPCHA BREAKING
• MAKE EASY TO GUESS PASSWORD
• USING DRONES WITH FACE RECOGNISE.
• AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES TO USE IN TERRORIST ATTACK.
• USING GENETICALLY TARGETED BIOLOGICAL WEAPON.

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